Introduction

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Introduction

自动化通常需要使用工业机器视觉。视觉系统对于现代制造业,尤其是涉及检测、控制、测量和识别的任何制造过程而言,正变得越来越重要。视觉系统可以更快地制造产品,减少误差,降低成本。这反过来又提高了质量。

例如,实时检测结果对于自我优化生产流程至关重要。然而,到目前为止,这些系统的潜在优势受到严重限制,因为它们很少集成到机器控制系统中。得益于 B&R 的全集成机器视觉技术,这种情况即将得到改变。

集成机器视觉不仅仅是嵌入式。它是 B&R 的机器视觉技术与机器控制的完全集成。从 Automation Studio 配置工具和实时操作系统到应用程序,这种集成在所有层面上运行。该系统的开发旨在为迄今为止基于 PC 的系统执行机器视觉任务。由于实现了完全集成,因此在将系统集成到机器应用中时几乎不费吹灰之力。

集成机器视觉具有模块化结构,可提供各种性能等级、图像传感器和镜头。智能相机是系统的关键部分。产品种类繁多,最基本的可替代简单的机器视觉传感器,而我们的顶级产品则可充分发挥高端智能相机的潜力。

系统的另一个重要组成部分是智能照明。照明既可以集成到相机机身中,也可以通过外部设备提供。也可以将两者结合使用。

mapp Vision 技术软件包用于配置、设置参数和创建应用程序。

以下各节概述了机器视觉和工业图像处理的基础知识。

本节主题

- 可视化与机器视觉

- 光学错觉

- 人眼与 CMOS 传感器

- 光度和辐射度尺寸


Automation often necessitates the use of industrial machine vision. Vision systems are becoming ever more important for modern manufacturing, in particular for any manufacturing process involving inspection, control, measurement and identification. Vision systems allow products to be manufactured more quickly, with fewer errors and at lower cost. This in turn improves quality.

Real-time test results are essential for self-optimizing production processes, for example. Up to now, the potential benefits of these systems have been severely limited, however, as they are rarely integrated into machine control systems. Thanks to B&R's fully integrated machine vision technology, this is about to change.

Integrated machine vision is more than embedded. It is B&R's machine vision technology with full machine control integration. This integration operates at all levels, from the Automation Studio configuration tool and real-time operating system to the application. The system was developed to perform machine vision tasks for systems that have been PC-based up until now. Thanks to this complete integration, there is very little effort involved in integrating the system into a machine application.

Integrated machine vision has a modular structure, and offers a variety of performance classes, image sensors and lenses. Smart Cameras are the key part of the system. The product range covers a broad spectrum; at its most basic, it will replace simple machine vision sensors, while our top-of-the-range options will harness the full potential of high-end smart cameras.

Another essential component of the system is Smart Light. Lighting can either be integrated into the camera body or provided via an external device. Combinations of the two are also possible.

The Technology Package mapp Vision is used for configuration, setting parameters and creating applications.

The following sections provide a general overview of the basics of machine vision and industrial image processing.

Topics in this section:

Visualization versus machine vision

Optical illusions

The human eye versus a CMOS sensor

Photometric and radiometric sizes